Health Services Research & Development

• Iaccarino JM, Steiling KA, Wiener RS. Lung Cancer Screening in a Safety-net Hospital: Implications of Screening a Real-world Population versus the National Lung Screening Trial. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2018 Sep 10.
• Champion VL, Christy SM, Rakowski W, Gathirua-Mwangi WG, Tarver WL, Carter-Harris L, Cohee AA, Marley AR, Jessup NM, Biederman E, Kettler CD, Stump TE, Monahan P, Lairson DR, Rawl SM. A Randomized Trial to Compare a Tailored Web-Based Intervention and Tailored Phone Counseling to Usual Care for Increasing Colorectal Cancer Screening. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology. 2018 Sep 4.
• Greene PA, Sayre G, Heffner JL, Klein DE, Krebs P, Au DH, Zeliadt SB. Challenges to Educating Smokers About Lung Cancer Screening: a Qualitative Study of Decision Making Experiences in Primary Care. Journal of Cancer Education : The Official Journal of The American Association For Cancer Education. 2018 Sep 1.
• Heffner JL, Krebs P, Johnson H, Greene PA, Klein DE, Feemster LC, Slatore CG, Au DH, Zeliadt SB. Smokers' Inaccurate Beliefs about the Benefits of Lung Cancer Screening. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2018 Sep 1; 15(9):1110-1113.
• Provenzale D, Gupta S, Ahnen DJ, Markowitz AJ, Chung DC, Mayer RJ, Regenbogen SE, Blanco AM, Bray T, Cooper G, Early DS, Ford JM, Giardiello FM, Grady W, Hall MJ, Halverson AL, Hamilton SR, Hampel H, Klapman JB, Larson DW, Lazenby AJ, Llor X, Lynch PM, Mikkelson J, Ness RM, Slavin TP, Sugandha S, Weiss JM, Dwyer MA, Ogba N. NCCN Guidelines Insights: Colorectal Cancer Screening, Version 1.2018. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN. 2018 Aug 1; 16(8):939-949.

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• Patient and Provider Experiences with Comprehensive Lung Cancer Screening Program
  This article describes the organizational- and patient-level experiences with the VA Lung Cancer Screening Demonstration Project (LCSDP), and estimates the number of VA patients who may be screening candidates. Findings showed that participants in the LCSDP found implementing a comprehensive lung cancer screening program to be challenging and complex, requiring new tools (e.g., electronic tools to...
  
  Date: March 1, 2017
• Lung Cancer Screening Programs May Have Unintended Consequences on Beliefs about Smoking Cessation
  This study aimed to learn from patients who were offered screening how the availability of screening influenced their motivations regarding smoking cessation. Findings showed that current smokers attached exaggerated personal benefits to lung cancer screening. Misperceptions about susceptibility to harms from tobacco can be reinforced and potentially exacerbated by screening due to existing cognit...
  
  Date: September 1, 2015
• Efficacy of Routine Screening Pelvic Examination in Asymptomatic Average-Risk Women
  This systematic review evaluated the benefits and harms of the routine screening pelvic examination in asymptomatic, non-pregnant, adult women for indications other than sexually transmitted infection screening, provision of hormonal contraception, and cervical cancer screening. No data supported the use of the routine pelvic examination (excluding cervical cytology) for reduction in morbidity or ...
  
  Date: July 1, 2014
• Underuse of Colorectal Cancer Screening among Healthy Veterans and Overuse among Unhealthy Veterans
  This study examined whether the upper age cutoff of the colorectal cancer (CRC) screening quality measure is associated with overuse of screening among 70- to 75-year-olds who are in poor health (limited life expectancy, but within the target age range of the measure) – and underuse in those older than age 75 who are in good health (longer life expectancy, but outside the target age range of the m...
  
  Date: February 26, 2014
• Home-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Significantly Improves Screening Rates among Overdue Veterans in a Rural State
  This study sought to determine whether a simple 1-step mailing of a fecal immunochemical test (FIT) accompanied by educational materials would improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates in Veterans who were overdue compared to Veterans who received educational materials only and to Veterans who received no mailings. Findings showed that mailing FITs and educational materials to Veterans overd...
  
  Date: October 25, 2013

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• Management Briefs eBrief-no87 - A Systematic Review: Shared Decision Making for Cancer Screening
  ...Making for Cancer Screening Patient decisions about cancer screening have become increasingly complex. They must decide whether to get screened,...
  
  
• The Effects of Shared Decision Making on Cancer Screening
  ...Most organizations publishing clinical practice guidelines for cancer screening now recommend that preference-sensitive cancer screening decisions...
  
  
• Screening for Hepatocellular Cancer in Chronic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review
  ...evidence, and because there have been concerns raised about overdiagnosis and patient harms in other cancer screening programs. We conducted a...
  
  
• Management Briefs eBrief-no81 - Screening for Hepatocellular Cancer in Chronic Liver Disease
  ...and because there have been concerns raised about over-diagnosis and patient harms in other cancer screening programs. The VA Evidence-Based Synthesis...
  
  
• Management Briefs eBrief-no73 - Screening Pelvic Examinations in Asymptomatic Average-Risk Adult Women
  ...indication other than periodic cervical cancer screening. The procedure causes pain, discomfort, fear, anxiety, and/or embarrassment in about...
  
  

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Other Resources

• Visit the HSR&D Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research and learn more about their research focus on cancer prevention and screening.
• Visit the VA Office of Research & Development’s Cancer Research page for information about research milestones from across all of VA’s research services.
• Learn more about the recommended screenings for men and women, and find videos about the benefits of cancer screenings from the VA National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion.