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QUERI Implementation Research Group

Similarities and Differences Between Pragmatic Trials and Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Trials


by John Fortney, PhD
Seminar date: 5/2/2024

Description: Pragmatism in clinical trials is focused on increasing the generalizability of research findings to routine clinical care settings. Hybridism in clinical trials (i.e., assessing both clinical effectiveness and implementation success) is focused on speeding up the process by which evidence-based practices are developed and adopted into routine care. Even though pragmatic trial methodologies and implementation science evolved from very different disciplines, Pragmatic Trials and Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Trials share many similar design features. So much so, that these types of trials can easily be conflated, creating the potential for investigators to mislabel their trial type or mistakenly use the wrong trial type to answer their research question. Blurred boundaries between trial types can hamper the evaluation of grant applications, the scientific interpretation of findings, and policy-making. This seminar will clarify the similarities and differences of these trial types for funders, researchers and policy makers. In addition, recommendations will be offered to help investigators choose, label, and operationalize the most appropriate trial type to answer their research question. These recommendations complement existing reporting guidelines for clinical effectiveness trials (TIDieR) and implementation trials (StaRI).

Intended Audience: Funders, researchers, implementation scientists and practitioners, and policy makers.

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DOWNLOAD: PDF handout | Audio only (mp3) | transcript not yet available


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