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Pfeiffer PN, Ganoczy D, Zivin K, Gerlach L, Damschroder L, Ulmer CS. Guideline-concordant use of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in the Veterans Health Administration. Sleep health. 2023 Dec 1; 9(6):893-896.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize guideline-concordant use of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia vs. sleep medications among Veterans Health Administration patients. METHODS: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia was identified from the text of psychotherapy notes within the Veterans Health Administration''s electronic medical record. Patients that received first-line cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (ie, no prior insomnia treatment) were compared to those who first received a sleep medication in fiscal year 2021. RESULTS: Among 5,519,016 patients, first-line cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia was received by 9313 (0.2%) whereas 225,618 (4.1%) were newly prescribed a sleep medication without prior cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. Patients over 60 years old and those with substance use disorders were less likely to receive first-line cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia compared to other patients. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to practice guidelines to provide cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia as first-line treatment for insomnia disorder remains a challenge, highlighting the need to better integrate effective implementation strategies within therapist training programs. Targeted strategies may be needed for older patients or those with substance use disorders.