Pilot randomized trial of a telephone-delivered physical activity and weight management intervention for individuals with lower extremity amputation.

Littman AJ, Haselkorn JK, Arterburn DE, Boyko EJ. Pilot randomized trial of a telephone-delivered physical activity and weight management intervention for individuals with lower extremity amputation. Disability and health journal. 2019 Jan 1; 12(1):43-50.

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Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Obesity and inactivity are common and burdensome for people with lower extremity amputation (LEA). The extent to which home-based physical activity/weight management programs are effective and safe for people with LEA is unknown. Translating effective interventions for understudied disability groups is needed. OBJECTIVE: To test the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a weight management and physical activity intervention and obtain preliminary efficacy estimates for changes in weight, body composition, and physical functioning. METHODS: Eligibility criteria included: LEA = 1 year prior, 18-69 years of age, overweight or obese and living in the Seattle area. The intervention arm received self-monitoring tools (e.g., pedometer, scale) and written materials, a single exercise counseling home visit by a physical therapist, and up to 11 telephone calls from a health coach over 20 weeks that involved motivational interviewing to set specific, attainable, and measurable goals. The self-directed control group received the same tools and materials but no home visit or coaching calls. RESULTS: Nineteen individuals consented to participate, 15 were randomized (mean age? = 56, 73% male, 80% transtibial amputation) and 11 completed 20-week follow-up assessments. The intervention was acceptable and safe. Coached participants had greater decreases in waist circumference (mean difference between groups over 20 weeks, baseline values carried forward: -4.3?cm, 95% CI -8.2, -0.4, p? = 0.03) and fat mass (-2.1?kg, 95% CI -3.8, -0.4, p? = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The home-based intervention was promising in terms of efficacy, safety and acceptability. Inclusion of multiple trial centers and increased use of technology may facilitate recruitment and retention.