Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome-like Clinical Presentation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Children in Malawi.

El-Mallawany NK, Kamiyango W, Villiera J, Peckham-Gregory EC, Scheurer ME, McAtee CL, Allen CE, Kovarik CL, Frank D, Eason AB, Caro-Vegas C, Chiao EY, Schutze GE, Ozuah NW, Mehta PS, Kazembe PN, Dittmer DP. Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome-like Clinical Presentation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Children in Malawi. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2019 Nov 13; 69(11):2022-2025.

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Abstract:

We describe 7 human immunodeficiency virus-infected Malawian children with Kaposi sarcoma who met criteria for Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) inflammatory cytokine syndrome. Each presented with persistent fevers, bulky lymphadenopathy, massive hepatosplenomegaly, and severe cytopenias. Plasma analyses were performed in 2 patients, both demonstrating extreme elevations of KSHV viral load and interleukin 6.