Tofacitinib for Biologic-Experienced Hospitalized Patients With Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Berinstein JA, Sheehan JL, Dias M, Berinstein EM, Steiner CA, Johnson LA, Regal RE, Allen JI, Cushing KC, Stidham RW, Bishu S, Kinnucan JAR, Cohen-Mekelburg SA, Waljee AK, Higgins PDR. Tofacitinib for Biologic-Experienced Hospitalized Patients With Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Retrospective Case-Control Study. Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association. 2021 Oct 1; 19(10):2112-2120.e1.

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Abstract:

BACKGROUND and AIMS: Despite rescue therapy, more than 30% of patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) require colectomy. Tofacitinib is a rapidly acting Janus kinase inhibitor with proven efficacy in ulcerative colitis. Tofacitinib may provide additional means for preventing colectomy in patients with ASUC. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was performed evaluating the efficacy of tofacitinib induction in biologic-experienced patients admitted with ASUC requiring intravenous corticosteroids. Tofacitinib patients were matched 1:3 to controls according to gender and date of admission. Using Cox regression adjusted for disease severity, we estimated the 90-day risk of colectomy. Rates of complications and steroid dependence were examined as secondary outcomes. RESULTS: Forty patients who received tofacitinib were matched 1:3 to controls (n  = 113). Tofacitinib was protective against colectomy at 90 days compared with matched controls (hazard ratio [HR], 0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10-0.81; P  = .018). When stratifying according to treatment dose, 10 mg three times daily (HR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02-0.56; P  = .008) was protective, whereas 10 mg twice daily was not significantly protective (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.21-2.09; P  = .5). Rate of complications and steroid dependence were similar between tofacitinib and controls. CONCLUSIONS: Tofacitinib with concomitant intravenous corticosteroids may be an effective induction strategy in biologic-experienced patients hospitalized with ASUC. Prospective trials are needed to identify the safety, optimal dose, frequency, and duration of tofacitinib for ASUC.