Does Long-Term Post-Bariatric Weight Change Differ Across Antidepressants?

Arterburn DE, Maciejewski ML, Berkowitz TSZ, Smith VA, Mitchell JE, Liu CF, Adeyemo A, Bradley KA, Olsen MK. Does Long-Term Post-Bariatric Weight Change Differ Across Antidepressants? Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches. 2022 Mar 1; 3(1):e114.

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Abstract:

We sought to evaluate whether weight change up to 5 years after bariatric surgery differed by antidepressant class taken before surgery. BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery induces significant weight loss, but outcomes are highly variable. The specific type of antidepressant used prior to surgery may be an important factor in long-term weight loss. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study from 2000 to 2016 compared the 5-year weight loss of 556 Veterans who were taking antidepressant monotherapy (bupropion, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs], or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors [SNRIs]) before bariatric surgery (229 sleeve gastrectomy and 327 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) versus 556 matched nonsurgical controls. RESULTS: Patients taking bupropion before sleeve gastrectomy had greater differential weight loss between surgical patients and matched controls than those taking SSRIs at 1 (8.9 pounds; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-16.3; = 0.02) and 2 years (17.6 pounds; 95% CI, 5.9-29.3; = 0.003), but there was no difference at 5 years (11.9 pounds; 95% CI, -8.9 to 32.8; = 0.26). Findings were similar for gastric bypass patients taking bupropion compared to SSRIs at 1 (9.7 pounds; 95% CI, 2.0-17.4; = 0.014), 2 (12.0 pounds; 95% CI, -0.5 to 24.5; = 0.06), and 5 years (4.8 pounds; 95% CI, -16.7 to 26.3; = 0.66). No significant differences were observed comparing patients taking SNRI versus SSRI medications. CONCLUSIONS: Sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass patients taking bupropion had greater weight loss than those taking SSRIs, although these differences may wane over time. Bupropion may be the first-line antidepressant of choice among patients with severe obesity considering bariatric surgery.