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Reed SD, Li Y, Oddone EZ, Neary AM, Orr MM, Grubber JM, Graham FL, Olsen MK, Svetkey LP, Dolor RJ, Powers BJ, Adams MB, Bosworth HB. Economic evaluation of home blood pressure monitoring with or without telephonic behavioral self-management in patients with hypertension. American journal of hypertension. 2010 Feb 1; 23(2):142-8.
BACKGROUND: The Take Control of Your Blood Pressure trial evaluated the effect of a multicomponent telephonic behavioral lifestyle intervention, patient self-monitoring, and both interventions combined compared with usual care on reducing systolic blood pressure during 24 months. The combined intervention led to a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure compared with usual care alone. We examined direct and patient time costs associated with each intervention. METHODS: We conducted a prospective economic evaluation alongside a randomized controlled trial of 636 patients with hypertension participating in the study interventions. Medical costs were estimated using electronic data representing medical services delivered within the health system. Intervention-related costs were derived using information collected during the trial, administrative records, and published unit costs. RESULTS: During 24 months, patients incurred a mean of $6,965 (s.d., $22,054) in inpatient costs and $8,676 (s.d., $9,368) in outpatient costs, with no significant differences among the intervention groups. With base-case assumptions, intervention costs were estimated at $90 (s.d., $2) for home blood pressure monitoring, $345 (s.d., $64) for the behavioral intervention ($31 per telephone encounter), and $416 (s.d., $93) for the combined intervention. Patient time costs were estimated at $585 (s.d., $487) for home monitoring, $55 (s.d., $16) for the behavioral intervention, and $741 (s.d., $529) for the combined intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis demonstrated that the interventions are cost-additive to the health-care system in the short term and that patients'' time costs are nontrivial.