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Fitzgerald JD, Johnson L, Hire DG, Ambrosius WT, Anton SD, Dodson JA, Marsh AP, McDermott MM, Nocera JR, Tudor-Locke C, White DK, Yank V, Pahor M, Manini TM, Buford TW, LIFE Study Research Group. Association of objectively measured physical activity with cardiovascular risk in mobility-limited older adults. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2015 Feb 18; 4(2).
BACKGROUND: Data are sparse regarding the impacts of habitual physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior on cardiovascular (CV) risk in older adults with mobility limitations. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study examined the baseline, cross-sectional association between CV risk and objectively measured PA among participants in the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) study. The relationship between accelerometry measures and predicted 10-year Hard Coronary Heart Disease (HCHD) risk was modeled by using linear regression, stratified according to CVD history. Participants (n = 1170, 79±5 years) spent 642±111 min/day in sedentary behavior (ie, < 100 accelerometry counts/min). They also spent 138±43 min/day engaging in PA registering 100 to 499 accelerometry counts/min and 54±37 min/day engaging in PA = 500 counts/min. Each minute per day spent being sedentary was associated with increased HCHD risk among both those with (0.04%, 95% CI 0.02% to 0.05%) and those without (0.03%, 95% CI 0.02% to 0.03%) CVD. The time spent engaging in activities 100 to 499 as well as = 500 counts/min was associated with decreased risk among both those with and without CVD (P < 0.05). The mean number of counts per minute of daily PA was not significantly associated with HCHD risk in any model (P > 0.05). However, a significant interaction was observed between sex and count frequency (P = 0.036) for those without CVD, as counts per minute was related to HCHD risk in women (ß = -0.94, -1.48 to -0.41; P < 0.001) but not in men (ß = -0.14, -0.59 to 0.88; P = 0.704). CONCLUSIONS: Daily time spent being sedentary is positively associated with predicted 10-year HCHD risk among mobility-limited older adults. Duration, but not intensity (ie, mean counts/min), of daily PA is inversely associated with HCHD risk score in this population-although the association for intensity may be sex specific among persons without CVD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov Unique identifier: NCT01072500.