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CDA 20-049 – HSR&D Study

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CDA 20-049
Access, Quality and Equity of Anticoagulants in Veterans with Atrial Fibrillation
Utibe R Essien MD MPH
West Los Angeles, CA
Funding Period: February 2021 - January 2026

Abstract

Background. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia, affecting up to 1 million Veterans. AF increases the risk of stroke by 5-fold and is associated with higher rates of death. Oral anticoagulation reduces the risk of stroke in AF by 60%, yet such therapy is underutilized. Further, racial and ethnic disparities in anticoagulation for AF exist, despite a 2-fold higher risk of stroke among racial and ethnic minorities with this condition. In pilot work conducted in >40,000 Veterans with newly diagnosed AF in FY 2017, black Veterans were significantly less likely than white Veterans to receive any form of anticoagulant, particularly safer, more effective therapy with direct-acting oral anticoagulants. In these analyses there was up to 2.5-fold facility-level variation in the frequency of anticoagulation and in racial and ethnic disparities in such therapy. With the detection of these treatment disparities documented in VA, this CDA-2 will quantitatively assess the multilevel determinants of these disparities, qualitatively identify barriers to and facilitators of equitable anticoagulation for AF, and use these findings to develop and pilot test implementation strategies to eliminate these disparities. Significance / Impact. Ensuring access to high-quality, equitable care for all Veterans are VA and VA HSR&D priority areas. This CDA-2 addresses underuse of an evidence-based therapy for racial and ethnic minority Veterans with AF—a common and costly condition. The significance of this problem is likely to increase with the aging of the Veteran population and the steadily increasing proportion of minority Veterans receiving health care within VA. Innovation. This CDA-2 is framed using blended health equity and implementation science conceptual models to understand and reduce racial and ethnic disparities in health care. This CDA-2 uses novel data sources to assess the association of underexamined determinants of racial and ethnic disparities in Veterans with AF and is among the first to qualitatively examine Veteran experiences with AF and anticoagulation. Finally, this research will be the first to develop and test implementation strategies to reduce disparities in anticoagulation for AF. Specific Aims. Aim 1 is a quantitative study to characterize the association between race, ethnicity, and oral anticoagulant initiation in Veterans with AF. Aim 2 is a qualitative study to examine stakeholder perceptions of the barriers to and facilitators of equitable oral anticoagulant initiation in Veterans with AF. Aim 3 proposes to design and pilot test an empirically-developed implementation strategy bundle to improve equitable oral anticoagulant initiation in Veterans with AF. Methodology. Aim 1 uses a national cohort of ~130,000 Veterans with incident AF in FYs 2010-2019 to assess the patient, provider, and facility-level determinants of the association of race, ethnicity and anticoagulation. Aim 2 will recruit and interview providers, administrators, and Veterans with AF about barriers to and facilitators of equitable anticoagulant initiation for AF in VA. Aim 3 uses the findings from Aims 1 and 2 to develop and pilot-test the feasibility of a set of implementation strategies to promote equitable anticoagulant initiation within a local VA primary care practice. Implementation / Next steps. Findings from research Aims 1-3 will set the stage for a hybrid type 3 trial to broadly test the effectiveness of the pilot-tested implementation strategies on equitable anticoagulant initiation in Veterans with AF. Candidate. Dr. Utibe Essien is a general internist and Core Investigator in the VA Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion. The short-term goal of this CDA-2 is to gain training and research experience in understanding and implementing strategies to reduce treatment disparities in Veterans with AF. This will be achieved through in-depth training in: (1) advanced quantitative research; (2) qualitative research; (3) implementation science; and (4) professional leadership. This CDA-2 will support his long-term goal of becoming an independent VA health services investigator focused on developing implementation strategies to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in the use of evidence-based medical therapies for Veterans with chronic cardiovascular diseases.

NIH Reporter Project Information: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10068044


PUBLICATIONS:

Journal Articles

  1. Essien UR, Keller MS. Deprescribing Equity-A Research Framework for Older Adults. JAMA internal medicine. 2024 Oct 1; 184(10):1258-1259.
  2. Faust JS, Renton B, Bongiovanni T, Chen AJ, Sheares KD, Du C, Essien UR, Fuentes-Afflick E, Haywood T, Khera R, King T, Li SX, Lin Z, Lu Y, Marshall ADA, Ndumele CD, Opara I, Loarte-Rodriguez T, Sawano M, Taparra K, Taylor HA, Watson KE, Yancy CW, Krumholz HM. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Network Open. 2024 Oct 1; 7(10):e2438918.
  3. Yang L, Tang S, Guo J, Gabriel N, Gellad WF, Essien UR, Magnani JW, Hernandez I. COVID-19 Diagnosis, Oral Anticoagulation, and Stroke Risk in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs : Drugs, Devices, and Other Interventions. 2024 Sep 1; 24(5):693-702.
  4. Krishnan S, Guseh JS, Chukumerije M, Grant AJ, Dean PN, Hsu JJ, Husaini M, Phelan DM, Shah AB, Stewart K, Wasfy MM, Capers Q, Essien UR, Johnson AE, Levine BD, Kim JH, American College of Cardiology Sports & Exercise Leadership Council. Racial Disparities in Sports Cardiology: A Review. JAMA cardiology. 2024 Jul 17.
  5. Essien UR, Kim N, Hausmann LRM, Washington DL, Mor MK, Litam TMA, Boyer TL, Gellad WF, Fine MJ. Veterans Affairs Medical Center Racial and Ethnic Composition and Initiation of Anticoagulation for Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA Network Open. 2024 Jun 3; 7(6):e2418114.
  6. Krishnamurthy S, Li Y, Sileanu F, Essien UR, Vanneman ME, Mor M, Fine MJ, Thorpe CT, Radomski T, Suda K, Gellad WF, Roberts ET. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health Care Experiences for Veterans Receiving VA Community Care from 2016 to 2021. Journal of general internal medicine. 2024 Sep 1; 39(12):2249-2260.
  7. Hernandez I, Yang L, Tang S, Cameron T, Guo J, Gabriel N, Essien UR, Magnani JW, Gellad WF. COVID-19 pandemic and trends in clinical outcomes and medication use for patients with established atrial fibrillation: A nationwide analysis of claims data. American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice. 2024 Jun 1; 42:100396.
  8. Hess PL, Langner P, Heidenreich PA, Essien U, Leonard C, Swat SA, Polsinelli V, Orlando ST, Grunwald GK, Ho PM. National Trends in Hospital Performance in Guideline-Recommended Pharmacologic Treatment for Heart Failure at Discharge. JACC. Heart failure. 2024 Jun 1; 12(6):1059-1070.
  9. Essien UR, Kim N, Hausmann LRM, Washington DL, Mor MK, Gellad WF, Fine MJ. Facility-Level Variation in Racial Disparities in Anticoagulation for Atrial Fibrillation: The REACH-AF Study. Journal of general internal medicine. 2024 May 1; 39(7):1122-1126.
  10. Amin K, Bethel G, Jackson LR, Essien UR, Sloan CE. Eliminating Health Disparities in Atrial Fibrillation, Heart Failure, and Dyslipidemia: A Path Toward Achieving Pharmacoequity. Current Atherosclerosis Reports. 2023 Dec 18.
  11. Yang L, Tang S, He M, Guo J, Gabriel N, Swabe G, Gellad WF, Essien UR, Saba S, Benjamin EJ, Magnani JW, Hernandez I. COVID-19 pandemic and initiation of treatment for atrial fibrillation: a nationwide analysis of claims data. BMC cardiovascular disorders. 2023 Dec 8; 23(1):604.
  12. Salahuddin T, Hebbe A, Daus M, Essien UR, Waldo SW, Rodriguez F, Ho PM, Simons C, Gilmartin HM, Doll JA. Trends and Site-level Variation of Novel Cardiovascular Medication Utilization among Patients Admitted for Heart Failure or Coronary Artery Disease in the US Veterans Affairs System: 2017-2021. American heart journal. 2023 Nov 11; 10.1016/j.ahj.2023.11.009.
  13. Essien UR, Dusetzina SB. Cost-Related Barriers and Ensuring Equitable Access to Vaccines in the US. JAMA pediatrics. 2023 Nov 1; 177(11):1117-1118.
  14. Lee JS, Han S, Therrien NL, Park C, Luo F, Essien UR. Trends in Drug Spending of Oral Anticoagulants for Atrial Fibrillation, 2014-2021. American journal of preventive medicine. 2024 Mar 1; 66(3):463-472.
  15. Essien UR, Agbafe V, Norris KC. Diversifying the Medical Pathway in a Post-Affirmative Action World. JAMA. 2023 Oct 10; 330(14):1325-1326.
  16. McCreary EK, Essien UR, Chang CH, Butler RA, Pathak P, Sönmez T, Ünver MU, Steiner A, Chrisman M, Angus DC, White DB. Weighted Lottery to Equitably Allocate Scarce Supply of COVID-19 Monoclonal Antibody. JAMA health forum. 2023 Sep 1; 4(9):e232774.
  17. Lee JS, Han S, Therrien NL, Park C, Luo F, Essien UR. Trends in the Longitudinal Utilization of Oral Anticoagulants Among Newly Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation Patients With Commercial, Medicare, and Medicaid Insurance. The American journal of cardiology. 2023 Sep 15; 203:339-342.
  18. Mentias A, Mujahid MS, Sumarsono A, Nelson RK, Madron JM, Powell-Wiley TM, Essien UR, Keshvani N, Girotra S, Morris AA, Sims M, Capers Q, Yancy C, Desai MY, Menon V, Rao S, Pandey A. Historical Redlining, Socioeconomic Distress, and Risk of Heart Failure Among Medicare Beneficiaries. Circulation. 2023 Jul 18; 148(3):210-219.
  19. Essien UR, Singh B, Swabe G, Johnson AE, Eberly LA, Wadhera RK, Breathett K, Vaduganathan M, Magnani JW. Association of Prescription Co-payment With Adherence to Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Therapies in Patients With Heart Failure and Diabetes. JAMA Network Open. 2023 Jun 1; 6(6):e2316290.
  20. Roseen EJ, Smith CN, Essien UR, Cozier YC, Joyce C, Morone NE, Phillips RS, Gergen Barnett K, Patterson CG, Wegener ST, Brennan GP, Delitto A, Saper RB, Beneciuk JM, Stevans JM. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Incidence of High-Impact Chronic Pain Among Primary Care Patients with Acute Low Back Pain: A Cohort Study. Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.). 2023 Jun 1; 24(6):633-643.
  21. Jacobs JA, Addo DK, Zheutlin AR, Derington CG, Essien UR, Navar AM, Hernandez I, Lloyd-Jones DM, King JB, Rao S, Herrick JS, Bress AP, Pandey A. Prevalence of Statin Use for Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease by Race, Ethnicity, and 10-Year Disease Risk in the US: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2013 to March 2020. JAMA cardiology. 2023 May 1; 8(5):443-452.
  22. Guo J, Dickson S, Berenbrok LA, Tang S, Essien UR, Hernandez I. Racial disparities in access to health care infrastructure across US counties: A geographic information systems analysis. Frontiers in public health. 2023 Apr 11; 11:897007.
  23. Faiz J, Essien UR, Washington DL, Ly DP. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Barriers Faced by Medical College Admission Test Examinees and Their Association With Medical School Application and Matriculation. JAMA health forum. 2023 Apr 7; 4(4):e230498.
  24. Khera R, Kondamudi N, Liu M, Ayers C, Spatz ES, Rao S, Essien UR, Powell-Wiley TM, Nasir K, Das SR, Capers Q, Pandey A. Lifetime healthcare expenses across demographic and cardiovascular risk groups: The application of a novel modeling strategy in a large multiethnic cohort study. American journal of preventive cardiology. 2023 Jun 1; 14:100493.
  25. Narasimmaraj PR, Oseran A, Tale A, Xu J, Essien UR, Kazi DS, Yeh RW, Wadhera RK. Out-of-Pocket Drug Costs for Medicare Beneficiaries With Cardiovascular Risk Factors Under the Inflation Reduction Act. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2023 Apr 18; 81(15):1491-1501.
  26. Hernandez I, He M, Guo J, Tadrous M, Gabriel N, Swabe G, Gellad WF, Essien UR, Saba S, Benjamin EJ, Magnani JW. COVID-19 pandemic and trends in new diagnosis of atrial fibrillation: A nationwide analysis of claims data. PLoS ONE. 2023 Feb 2; 18(2):e0281068.
  27. Benjamin EJ, Thomas KL, Go AS, Desvigne-Nickens P, Albert CM, Alonso A, Chamberlain AM, Essien UR, Hernandez I, Hills MT, Kershaw KN, Levy PD, Magnani JW, Matlock DD, O'Brien EC, Rodriguez CJ, Russo AM, Soliman EZ, Cooper LS, Al-Khatib SM. Transforming Atrial Fibrillation Research to Integrate Social Determinants of Health: A National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop Report. JAMA cardiology. 2023 Feb 1; 8(2):182-191.
  28. Boyer TL, Essien UR, Litam TMA, Hausmann LRM, Suda KJ. Analysis by Gender and Race and Ethnicity of Reviewers and Awardees for Intramural Research Funding in the Veterans Health Administration. JAMA Network Open. 2023 Jan 3; 6(1):e2251353.
  29. Matetic A, Mohamed MO, Essien UR, Guha A, Elkaryoni A, Elbadawi A, Van Spall HGC, Mamas MA. Association between cancer, CHA2DS2VASc risk and In-hospital ischemic stroke in patients hospitalized for atrial fibrillation. European heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes. 2023 Jan 3.
  30. Essien UR, Chiswell K, Kaltenbach LA, Wang TY, Fonarow GC, Thomas KL, Turakhia MP, Benjamin EJ, Rodriguez F, Fang MC, Magnani JW, Yancy CW, Piccini JP. Association of Race and Ethnicity With Oral Anticoagulation and Associated Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Findings From the Get With The Guidelines-Atrial Fibrillation Registry. JAMA cardiology. 2022 Dec 1; 7(12):1207-1217.
  31. Rao S, Essien UR, Powell-Wiley TM, Maddineni B, Das SR, Halm EA, Pandey A, Sumarsono A. Association of US County-Level Eviction Rates and All-Cause Mortality. Journal of general internal medicine. 2023 Apr 1; 38(5):1207-1213.
  32. Khazanchi R, Strumpf A, Essien UR, Powers SD, McManus KA. Geographic Accessibility of COVID-19 Test to Treat Sites by Race, Ethnicity, Age, and Rurality. JAMA Network Open. 2022 Nov 1; 5(11):e2241144.
  33. Moise N, Cené CW, Tabak RG, Young DR, Mills KT, Essien UR, Anderson CAM, Lopez-Jimenez F, American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Hypertension; and Stroke Council. Leveraging Implementation Science for Cardiovascular Health Equity: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2022 Nov 8; 146(19):e260-e278.
  34. McDermott A, Kim N, Hausmann LRM, Magnani JW, Good CB, Litam TMA, Mor MK, Omole TD, Gellad WF, Fine MJ, Essien UR. Association of Neighborhood Disadvantage and Anticoagulation for Patients with Atrial Fibrillation in the Veterans Health Administration: the REACH-AF Study. Journal of general internal medicine. 2023 Mar 1; 38(4):848-856.
  35. Essien UR, Corbie G. Getting Under the Skin: Race-Based Guidelines and the Pursuit of Pharmacoequity. Journal of general internal medicine. 2022 Dec 1; 37(16):4035-4036.
  36. Hanna J, Nargesi AA, Essien UR, Sangha V, Lin Z, Krumholz HM, Khera R. County-level variation in cardioprotective antihyperglycemic prescribing among medicare beneficiaries. American journal of preventive cardiology. 2022 Sep 1; 11:100370.
  37. Lewis EF, Beaty C, Boltze J, Breathett K, Clair WK, de Las Fuentes L, Essien UR, Goodell H, Hinson HE, Kershaw KN, Knowles JW, Mazimba S, Mujahid M, Okafor HE, Woo Park K, Schultz J. Creation of the American Heart Association Journals' Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Editorial Board: The Next Step to Achieving the 2024 Impact Goal. Circulation. 2022 Sep 6; 146(10):721-723.
  38. Essien UR, Tang Y, Figueroa JF, Litam TMA, Tang F, Jones PG, Patel R, Wadhera RK, Desai NR, Mehta SN, Kosiborod MN, Vaduganathan M. Diabetes Care Among Older Adults Enrolled in Medicare Advantage Versus Traditional Medicare Fee-For-Service Plans: The Diabetes Collaborative Registry. Diabetes Care. 2022 Jul 7; 45(7):1549-1557.
  39. Youmans QR, Maldonado M, Essien UR, Lupton K. Building Inclusion and Belonging in Training Environments. Journal of graduate medical education. 2022 Jun 1; 14(3):333-334.
  40. Johnson AE, Swabe GM, Addison D, Essien UR, Breathett K, Brewer LC, Mazimba S, Mohammed SF, Magnani JW. Relation of Household Income to Access and Adherence to Combination Sacubitril/Valsartan in Heart Failure: A Retrospective Analysis of Commercially Insured Patients. Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes. 2022 Jul 1; 15(7):e009179.
  41. Ly DP, Essien UR, Olenski AR, Jena AB. Affirmative Action Bans and Enrollment of Students From Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Groups in U.S. Public Medical Schools. Annals of internal medicine. 2022 Jun 1; 175(6):873-878.
  42. Sterling MR, Essien UR. Implementing Equity: Improving Blood Pressure and Glycemic Control Among Adults With Heart Failure. Circulation. Heart failure. 2022 May 1; 15(5):e009650.
  43. Shah SJ, Essien UR. Equitable Representation in Clinical Trials: Looking Beyond Table 1. Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes. 2022 May 1; 15(5):e008726.
  44. Konuthula D, de Abril Cameron F, Jonassaint N, Ufomata E, Torres O, Essien UR, Hamm ME, Merlin J, Ragavan MI. Perspectives on Anti-Black Racism and Mitigation Strategies Among Faculty Experts at Academic Medical Centers. JAMA Network Open. 2022 Apr 1; 5(4):e228534.
  45. Tapper EB, Essien UR, Zhao Z, Ufere NN, Parikh ND. Racial and ethnic disparities in rifaximin use and subspecialty referrals for patients with hepatic encephalopathy in the United States. Journal of Hepatology. 2022 Aug 1; 77(2):377-382.
  46. Shankar M, Henderson K, Garcia R, Li G, Titer K, Acholonu RG, Essien UR, Brown-Johnson C, Cox J, Shaw JG, Haverfield MC, Taylor K, Israni ST, Zulman D. Presence 5 for Racial Justice Workshop: Fostering Dialogue Across Medical Education to Disrupt Anti-Black Racism in Clinical Encounters. MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources. 2022 Feb 10; 18:11227.
  47. Vyas DA, James A, Kormos W, Essien UR. Revising the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease calculator without race. The Lancet. Digital health. 2022 Jan 1; 4(1):e4-e5.
  48. Duvalyan A, Pandey A, Vaduganathan M, Essien UR, Halm EA, Fonarow GC, Sumarsono A. Trends in Anticoagulation Prescription Spending Among Medicare Part D and Medicaid Beneficiaries Between 2014 and 2019. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2021 Dec 21; 10(24):e022644.
  49. Eberly LA, Yang L, Essien UR, Eneanya ND, Julien HM, Luo J, Nathan AS, Khatana SAM, Dayoub EJ, Fanaroff AC, Giri J, Groeneveld PW, Adusumalli S. Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Inequities in Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use Among Patients With Diabetes in the US. JAMA health forum. 2021 Dec 1; 2(12):e214182.
  50. Wurcel AG, Essien UR, Ortiz C, Fu X, Mancini C, Zhang Y, Blumenthal KG. Variation by Race in Antibiotics Prescribed for Hospitalized Patients With Skin and Soft Tissue Infections. JAMA Network Open. 2021 Dec 1; 4(12):e2140798.
  51. Essien UR, Kim N, Magnani JW, Good CB, Litam TMA, Hausmann LRM, Mor MK, Gellad WF, Fine MJ. Association of Race and Ethnicity and Anticoagulation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Dually Enrolled in Veterans Health Administration and Medicare: Effects of Medicare Part D on Prescribing Disparities. Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes. 2022 Feb 1; 15(2):e008389.
  52. Essien UR, Dusetzina SB, Gellad WF. A Policy Prescription for Reducing Health Disparities-Achieving Pharmacoequity. JAMA. 2021 Nov 9; 326(18):1793-1794.
  53. Guo J, Gabriel N, Magnani JW, Essien UR, Gellad WF, Brooks MM, Trinquart L, Benjamin EJ, Hernandez I. Racial and Urban-Rural Difference in the Frequency of Ischemic Stroke as Initial Manifestation of Atrial Fibrillation. Frontiers in public health. 2021 Nov 5; 9:780185.
  54. Swart ECS, Good CB, Henderson R, Manolis C, Huang Y, Essien UR, Neilson LM. Identifying outcome measures for atrial fibrillation value-based contracting using the Delphi method. Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP. 2022 Aug 1; 18(8):3425-3431.
  55. Delaney SW, Essien UR, Navathe A. Disparate Impact: How Colorblind Policies Exacerbate Black-White Health Inequities. Annals of internal medicine. 2021 Oct 1; 174(10):1450-1451.
  56. Silva RL, Guhl EN, Althouse AD, Herbert B, Sharbaugh M, Essien UR, Hausmann LRM, Magnani JW. Sex differences in atrial fibrillation: patient-reported outcomes and the persistent toll on women. American journal of preventive cardiology. 2021 Dec 1; 8:100252.
  57. Guhl EN, Zhu J, Johnson A, Essien U, Thoma F, Mulukutla SR, Magnani JW. Area Deprivation Index and Cardiovascular Events: CAN CARDIAC REHABILITATION MITIGATE THE EFFECTS?. Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention. 2021 Sep 1; 41(5):315-321.
  58. Borker PV, Carmona E, Essien UR, Saeed GJ, Nouraie SM, Bakker JP, Stitt CJ, Aloia MS, Patel SR. Neighborhoods with Greater Prevalence of Minority Residents Have Lower Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Adherence. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2021 Aug 1; 204(3):339-346.
  59. Teufel F, Seiglie JA, Geldsetzer P, Theilmann M, Marcus ME, Ebert C, Arboleda WAL, Agoudavi K, Andall-Brereton G, Aryal KK, Bicaba BW, Brian G, Bovet P, Dorobantu M, Gurung MS, Guwatudde D, Houehanou C, Houinato D, Jorgensen JMA, Kagaruki GB, Karki KB, Labadarios D, Martins JS, Mayige MT, McClure RW, Mwangi JK, Mwalim O, Norov B, Crooks S, Farzadfar F, Moghaddam SS, Silver BK, Sturua L, Wesseh CS, Stokes AC, Essien UR, De Neve JW, Atun R, Davies JI, Vollmer S, Bärnighausen TW, Ali MK, Meigs JB, Wexler DJ, Manne-Goehler J. Body-mass index and diabetes risk in 57 low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study of nationally representative, individual-level data in 685 616 adults. Lancet (London, England). 2021 Jul 17; 398(10296):238-248.
  60. Essien UR, McCabe ME, Kershaw KN, Youmans QR, Fine MJ, Yancy CW, Khan SS. Association Between Neighborhood-Level Poverty and Incident Atrial Fibrillation: a Retrospective Cohort Study. Journal of general internal medicine. 2022 May 1; 37(6):1436-1443.
  61. Essien UR, Kim N, Hausmann LRM, Mor MK, Good CB, Magnani JW, Litam TMA, Gellad WF, Fine MJ. Disparities in Anticoagulant Therapy Initiation for Incident Atrial Fibrillation by Race/Ethnicity Among Patients in the Veterans Health Administration System. JAMA Network Open. 2021 Jul 1; 4(7):e2114234.
  62. Johnson AE, Talabi MB, Bonifacino E, Culyba AJ, Davis EM, Davis PK, De Castro LM, Essien UR, Maria Gonzaga A, Hogan MV, James AJ, Jonassaint CR, Jonassaint NL, Matheo L, Nance MA, Napoé GS, Olafiranye O, Owusu-Ansah S, Pierson-Brown TN, Conrad Smith AJ, Suber TL, Torres O, Tripp R, Ufomata E, Wilson JD, South-Paul JE. Racial Diversity Among American Cardiologists: Implications for the Past, Present, and Future. Circulation. 2021 Jun 15; 143(24):2395-2405.
  63. Essien UR, Kornej J, Johnson AE, Schulson LB, Benjamin EJ, Magnani JW. Social determinants of atrial fibrillation. Nature reviews. Cardiology. 2021 Nov 1; 18(11):763-773.
  64. Tertulien T, Chen Y, Althouse AD, Essien UR, Johnson A, Magnani JW. Association of income and educational attainment in hospitalization events in atrial fibrillation. American journal of preventive cardiology. 2021 Sep 1; 7:100201.
  65. Eberly LA, Yang L, Eneanya ND, Essien U, Julien H, Nathan AS, Khatana SAM, Dayoub EJ, Fanaroff AC, Giri J, Groeneveld PW, Adusumalli S. Association of Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Socioeconomic Status With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Use Among Patients With Diabetes in the US. JAMA Network Open. 2021 Apr 1; 4(4):e216139.
  66. McClendon J, Essien UR, Youk A, Ibrahim SA, Vina E, Kwoh CK, Hausmann LRM. Cumulative Disadvantage and Disparities in Depression and Pain Among Veterans With Osteoarthritis: The Role of Perceived Discrimination. Arthritis care & research. 2021 Jan 1; 73(1):11-17.
Journal Other

  1. Boursiquot BC, Jackson LR, Essien UR. Advancing Pharmacoequity in Atrial Fibrillation-The Case for Direct Oral Anticoagulants. [Editorial]. JAMA Network Open. 2024 May 1; 7(5):e249403.
  2. Moriates C, Essien UR. Racial inequity in low value care. [Editorial]. BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 2023 Oct 25; 383:2293.
  3. Daly DJ, Essien UR, Del Carmen MG, Scirica B, Berman AN, Searl Como J, Wasfy JH. Race, ethnicity, sex, and socioeconomic disparities in anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation: A narrative review of contemporary literature. Journal of the National Medical Association. 2023 Jun 1; 115(3):290-297.
  4. Jacobs JA, Daniel K, Addo DK, Alexander R, Zheutlin AR, Derington CG, Essien UR, Navar AM, Hernandez I, Donald M, Lloyd-Jones DM, King JB, Rao S, Herrick JS, Bress AP, Pandey A. Abstract 11668: Trends in Statin Use for Primary Prevention by Race, Ethnicity, and ASCVD Risk in the US: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2013-2020. [Abstract]. Circulation. 2022 Oct 30; 146(Suppl_1):https://doi.org/10.1161/circ.146.suppl_1.11668.
  5. Essien UR, Washington DL, Fine MJ. Beyond Detecting and Understanding Disparities in Novel Diabetes Treatment: Need for a Major Shift in Pharmacoequity Research. [Editorial]. JAMA. 2022 Sep 6; 328(9):836-838.
  6. Essien UR, Johnson AE. Whose Streets? Neighborhood-Level Determinants of Atrial Fibrillation Care. Circulation. 2022 Jul 19; 146(3):172-174.
  7. Wilson DA, Boadu O, Jones AL, Kim N, Mor MK, Hausmann LRM, Essien UR. Analysis of Initiating Anticoagulant Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation Among Persons Experiencing Homelessness in the Veterans Affairs Health System. JAMA Network Open. 2022 Jul 1; 5(7):e2223815.
  8. Tertulien T, Youmans QR, Essien UR. US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on Screening for Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA. 2022 May 24; 327(20):2021.
  9. Essien UR, Dusetzina SB, Gellad WF. Reducing Health Disparities Through Achieving Pharmacoequity-Reply. JAMA. 2022 Feb 8; 327(6):590.
  10. Essien UR, Youmans QR. Burning in "Other Suns": The Effects of Residential Segregation on Cardiovascular Health. [Editorial]. Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes. 2022 Feb 2; CIRCOUTCOMES121008694.
  11. Tertulien T, Magnani JW, Essien UR. Racial and Ethnic Representation in Atrial Fibrillation Trials: CABANA and Beyond. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2021 Nov 9; 78(19):e163-e164.
  12. Essien UR, Ifidon A, Sue KL. Black Pain Matters: Prioritizing Antiracism and Equity in the Opioid Epidemic. [Editorial]. Journal of hospital medicine. 2021 Oct 1; 16(10):638-639.
  13. Borker PV, Carmona E, Essien UR, Saeed GJ, Nouraie SM, Bakker JP, Stitt CJ, Aloia MS, Patel SR. Reply to Spector and Iweala. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2021 Sep 1; 204(5):615-616.
  14. Magnani JW, Kinloch V, Essien UR. Separate and Unequal: The Cost of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Childhood Health and Well-Being. Health equity. 2021 Feb 25; 5(1):72-75.
  15. Breathett K, Spatz ES, Kramer DB, Essien UR, Wadhera RK, Peterson PN, Ho PM, Nallamothu BK. The Groundwater of Racial and Ethnic Disparities Research: A Statement From . Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes. 2021 Feb 1; 14(2):e007868.
  16. Kamal S, Trivedi SP, Essien UR, Nematollahi S. Podcasting: A Medium for Amplifying Racial Justice Discourse, Reflection, and Representation Within Graduate Medical Education. Journal of graduate medical education. 2021 Feb 1; 13(1):29-32.
  17. Essien UR, Tipirneni R, Leung LB, Sterling MR. Surviving and Thriving as Leaders in General Internal Medicine-Reply. Journal of general internal medicine. 2021 May 1; 36(5):1435-1436.
Online News Media Articles

  1. Faiz JP, Essien UR, Washington DL. The Supreme Court's Affirmative Action Decision Puts Lives at Risk. STAT News [Internet]. 2023 Jun 30: Available from: https://www.statnews.com/2023/06/30/affirmative-action-supreme-court-medical-school/.
  2. Essien UR. Pharmacoequity: New Goal for Ending Disparities in US Health Care. Stat News [Internet]. 2021 Jul 28:(First Opinion):1. Available from: https://www.statnews.com/2021/07/28/pharmacoequity-new-goal-ending-disparities-us-health-care/.
  3. Essien UR. 5 Ways to Sustain the Antiracism in Medicine Momentum in 2021. Forbes [Internet]. 2021 Jan 15:Editor's Pick(Healthcare):1. Available from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/utibeessien/2021/01/15/5-ways-to-sustain-the-antiracism-in-medicine-momentum-in-2021/?sh=d622361fa7d3.


DRA: Cardiovascular Disease
DRE: TRL - Applied/Translational
Keywords: None at this time.
MeSH Terms: None at this time.

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