BACKGROUND/RATIONALE:
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) affects up to 23% of returning Veterans and produces significant psychological, physical, and economic burdens. Although most Veterans with PTSD are treated on an outpatient basis, the VA has 39 Specialized Intensive/Inpatient PTSD programs (SIPPs) designed to treat high-needs Veterans who require more intensive and closely monitored care. The treatment of patients enrolled in SIPPs is extremely costly; only 1% of VA patients with a PTSD diagnosis enroll in SIPPs but SIPPs account for 33% of VA's budget for specialized PTSD care. Unfortunately, despite these costs, many patients undergoing treatment in SIPPs may experience only modest improvements in PTSD symptoms. Thus, the Institute of Medicine has recently called for strategies to improve treatment outcomes of VA PTSD treatment in general and residential programs in particular, making it clear the VA needs to carefully assess and address poor treatment response among Veterans receiving residential and other PTSD treatment.
OBJECTIVE(S):
The goal of this CDA is to optimize PTSD care by identifying individual- and program-level factors associated with poor treatment response in residential programs. Aim 1 will identify individual- and program-level predictors of treatment response in residential programs nationwide. Aim 2 will further elucidate factors associated with poor PTSD treatment response, using a qualitative approach with patient, provider, and administrator interviews to provide additional perspectives and identify relevant site-level factors. Aim 3 will pilot an adaptation of an existing treatment or health services intervention based on findings from the initial study aims and data on treatment practices at high-performing sites.
METHODS:
This research will be guided by the theory of Resources, Life Events and Changes in Psychological States. Aim 1 will assess predictors of poor response using multilevel modeling of nationwide clinical information collected by the Northeast Program Evaluation Center. Variables of interest will include individual-level resources and factors such as comorbidities, social contextual resources, and program resources such the availability of evidence-based treatments. Aim 2 will utilize qualitative analytic methods to assess individual and program-level predictors of response by interviewing SIPP patients, providers, and administrators. Aim 3 will consist of a feasibility pilot conducted at a VISN 10 residential program for PTSD.
FINDINGS/RESULTS:
Not yet available.
IMPACT:
This project addresses key VA and ORD priority areas including mental health services research and advancing Point of Care Research in PTSD. Identifying factors associated with poor treatment response in SIPPs will greatly enhance VA's ability to target and improve treatment approaches for the high-need, high-risk individuals requiring intensive care. In addition, optimizing the outcomes and functioning of Veterans with a high burden of illness is critical in improving the efficiency of care and reducing the costs of care.
Year 1 Annual Report Update (June 2018): Preliminary analyses identifying factors associated with poor treatment response have been completed and submitted as manuscripts for peer review. Thus, these findings are likely to be published during Year 2.
External Links for this Project
NIH Reporter
Grant Number: IK2HX002095-01A2
Link: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9291549
PUBLICATIONS:
Journal Articles
- Sripada RK, Walters HM. "I wish people could come together like we have," patient and provider perspectives on VA residential PTSD treatment. Psychological Services. 2023 Nov 1; 20(4):809-819. [view]
- King AP, Block SR, Sripada RK, Rauch SA, Porter KE, Favorite TK, Giardino N, Liberzon I. A Pilot Study of Mindfulness-Based Exposure Therapy in OEF/OIF Combat Veterans with PTSD: Altered Medial Frontal Cortex and Amygdala Responses in Social-Emotional Processing. Frontiers in psychiatry. 2016 Sep 20; 7:154. [view]
- Cooper SA, Szymanski BR, Bohnert KM, Sripada RK, McCarthy JF. Association Between Positive Results on the Primary Care-Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screen and Suicide Mortality Among US Veterans. JAMA Network Open. 2020 Sep 1; 3(9):e2015707. [view]
- Russman Block S, King AP, Sripada RK, Weissman DH, Welsh R, Liberzon I. Behavioral and neural correlates of disrupted orienting attention in posttraumatic stress disorder. Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience. 2017 Apr 1; 17(2):422-436. [view]
- Rauch SAM, King AP, Liberzon I, Sripada RK. Changes in Salivary Cortisol During Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Pilot Study in 30 Veterans. The Journal of clinical psychiatry. 2017 May 1; 78(5):599-603. [view]
- Severe J, Pfeiffer PN, Palm-Cruz K, Hoeft T, Sripada R, Hawrilenko M, Chen S, Fortney J. Clinical Predictors of Engagement in Teleintegrated Care and Telereferral Care for Complex Psychiatric Disorders in Primary Care: a Randomized Trial. Journal of general internal medicine. 2022 Oct 1; 37(13):3361-3367. [view]
- Knowles KA, Sripada RK, Defever M, Rauch SAM. Comorbid mood and anxiety disorders and severity of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in treatment-seeking veterans. Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy. 2019 May 1; 11(4):451-458. [view]
- Zivin K, Kononowech J, Boden M, Abraham K, Harrod M, Sripada RK, Kales HC, Garcia HA, Pfeiffer P. Correction: Predictors and Consequences of Veterans Affairs Mental Health Provider Burnout: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study. JMIR research protocols. 2021 Jan 12; 10(1):e26934. [view]
- Rauch SAM, Sripada R, Burton M, Michopoulos V, Kerley K, Marx CE, Kilts JD, Naylor JC, Rothbaum BO, McLean CP, Smith A, Norrholm SD, Jovanovi T, Liberzon I, Williamson DE, Yarvis CJS, Dondanville KA, Young-McCaughan S, Keane TM, Peterson AL, Consortium to Alleviate PTSD and the STRONG STAR Consortium. Corrigendum to "Neuroendocrine biomarkers of prolonged exposure treatment response in military-related PTSD" [Psychoneuroendocrinology (2020) Article 104749]. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2020 Oct 1; 120:104802. [view]
- McLean CP, Rauch SAM, Foa EB, Sripada RK, Tannahill HS, Mintz J, Yarvis J, Young-McCaughan S, Dondanville KA, Hall-Clark BN, Fina BA, Keane TM, Peterson AL, STRONG STAR Consortium and the Consortium to Alleviate PTSD. Design of a randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy and biological mechanisms of web-prolonged exposure and present-centered therapy for PTSD among active-duty military personnel and veterans. Contemporary clinical trials. 2018 Jan 1; 64:41-48. [view]
- Sripada RK, Bohnert KM, Ganoczy D, Pfeiffer PN. Documentation of Evidence-Based Psychotherapy and Care Quality for PTSD in the Department of Veterans Affairs. Administration and policy in mental health. 2018 May 1; 45(3):353-361. [view]
- Sripada RK, Blow FC, Rauch SAM, Ganoczy D, Hoff R, Harpaz-Rotem I, Bohnert KM. Examining the nonresponse phenomenon: Factors associated with treatment response in a national sample of veterans undergoing residential PTSD treatment. Journal of anxiety disorders. 2019 Apr 1; 63:18-25. [view]
- Sripada RK, Pfeiffer PN, Rauch SAM, Ganoczy D, Bohnert KM. Factors associated with the receipt of documented evidence-based psychotherapy for PTSD in VA. General hospital psychiatry. 2018 Sep 1; 54:12-17. [view]
- Sripada RK, Rodriguez JL, Wright TP, Hyland JA, Walters HM, Ganoczy D, Haft SM, Smith ER, Porter KE, Driesenga SA, DeJong TM, Rauch SAM. Feasibility and Acceptability of Group-Facilitated Prolonged Exposure Therapy for PTSD in VA Residential Rehabilitation Treatment Programs. Behavior Therapy. 2022 Jul 1; 53(4):714-724. [view]
- Sripada RK, Walters HM, Ganoczy D, Avallone KM, Cigrang JA, Rauch SAM. Feasibility and Acceptability of Prolonged Exposure in Primary Care (PE-PC) for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Federally Qualified Health Centers: A Pilot Study. Administration and policy in mental health. 2022 Sep 1; 49(5):722-734. [view]
- Sripada RK, Hoff R, Pfeiffer PN, Ganoczy D, Blow FC, Bohnert KM. Latent classes of PTSD symptoms in veterans undergoing residential PTSD treatment. Psychological Services. 2020 Feb 1; 17(1):84-92. [view]
- Bohnert KM, Sripada RK, Ganoczy D, Walters H, Valenstein M. Longitudinal patterns of PTSD symptom classes among US National Guard service members during reintegration. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology. 2018 Sep 1; 53(9):911-920. [view]
- Sripada RK, Hannemann CM, Schnurr PP, Marx BP, Pollack SJ, McCarthy JF. Mental Health Service Utilization before and after Receipt of a Service-Connected Disability Award for PTSD: Findings from a National Sample. Health services research. 2018 Dec 1; 53(6):4565-4583. [view]
- Sripada RK, Henry J, Yosef M, Levine DS, Bohnert KM, Miller E, Zivin K. Occupational functioning and employment services use among VA primary care patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy. 2018 Mar 1; 10(2):140-143. [view]
- Hale AC, Sripada RK, Bohnert KM. Past-Year Treatment Utilization Among Individuals Meeting DSM-5 PTSD Criteria: Results From a Nationally Representative Sample. Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.). 2018 Mar 1; 69(3):341-344. [view]
- Zivin K, Kononowech J, Boden M, Abraham K, Harrod M, Sripada RK, Kales HC, Garcia HA, Pfeiffer P. Predictors and Consequences of Veterans Affairs Mental Health Provider Burnout: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study. JMIR research protocols. 2020 Dec 21; 9(12):e18345. [view]
- Hale AC, Bohnert KM, Ganoczy D, Sripada RK. Predictors of Treatment Adequacy During Evidence-Based Psychotherapy for PTSD. Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.). 2019 May 1; 70(5):367-373. [view]
- Lee AA, Sripada RK, Hale AC, Ganoczy D, Trivedi RB, Arnow B, Pfeiffer PN. Psychotherapy and depressive symptom trajectories among VA patients: Comparing dose-effect and good-enough level models. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology. 2021 May 1; 89(5):379-392. [view]
- Buchholz KR, Bohnert KM, Pfeiffer PN, Valenstein M, Ganoczy D, Anderson RE, Sripada RK. Reengagement in PTSD psychotherapy: A case-control study. General hospital psychiatry. 2017 Sep 1; 48:20-24. [view]
- Zivin K, Chang MM, Van T, Osatuke K, Boden M, Sripada RK, Abraham KM, Pfeiffer PN, Kim HM. Relationships between work-environment characteristics and behavioral health provider burnout in the Veterans Health Administration. Health services research. 2022 Jun 1; 57 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):83-94. [view]
- Rodriguez JL, Hale AC, Marston HN, Sage-Germain CE, Wright TP, Driesenga SA, Martin SM, Sripada RK. The Association Between Service Connection and Treatment Outcome in Veterans Undergoing Residential PTSD Treatment. The Psychiatric quarterly. 2022 Mar 1; 93(1):285-296. [view]
- Hale AC, Bohnert KM, Grekin R, Sripada RK. Traumatic Brain Injury in the General Population: Incidence, Mental Health Comorbidity, and Functional Impact. The Journal of nervous and mental disease. 2019 Jan 1; 207(1):38-42. [view]
- Rauch SAM, Venners MR, Ragin C, Ruhe G, Lamp KE, Burton M, Pomerantz A, Bernardy N, Schnurr PP, Hamblen JL, Possemato K, Sripada R, Wray LO, Dollar K, Wade M, Astin MC, Cigrang JA. Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with prolonged exposure for primary care (PE-PC): Effectiveness and patient and therapist factors related to symptom change and retention. Psychological Services. 2023 Jun 15. [view]
- Sripada RK, Ready DJ, Ganoczy D, Astin MC, Rauch SAM. When to Change the Treatment Plan: An Analysis of Diminishing Returns in VA Patients Undergoing Prolonged Exposure and Cognitive Processing Therapy. Behavior Therapy. 2020 Jan 1; 51(1):85-98. [view]
DRA:
Mental, Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders, Acute and Combat-Related Injury
DRE:
Technology Development and Assessment, Prognosis, TRL - Applied/Translational
Keywords:
none
MeSH Terms:
none
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